Rationale
(Changed due to Same category and criteria)
This is an endemic species from the Western Cape Province, South Africa (EOO 9 294 km<sup>2</sup>). There are six locations. No adults have been seen at the type locality for many years, possibly due to habitat loss caused by too frequent fires during the flight period. Encroachment by alien vegetation is also resulting in ongoing degradation of habitat throughout its range. The taxon thus qualifies globally under the IUCN criteria as Vulnerable under criterion B.
Distribution
Endemic to the Western Cape Province in South Africa, from Red Hill in Simonstown on the Cape Peninsula in the west to the Quaggaskloof dam (Worcester) in the east, south to Struisbaai and Pella mission station near Mamre in the north, in small isolated subpopulations.
Decline
At the type locality(Red Hill) the species has not been seen for many years, pobably due to habitat destruction caused by frequent fires during the flight period.
Habitat loss due to inappropriate fires, urban and informal housing developments, and invasive alien plants. Fire frequency and intensity is exacerbated by build-up of invasive alien vegetation.
Conservation
Effective fire management and eradication of invasive plants is required at the main sites. More research is needed to establish whether additional subpopulations exist. At the type locality, reintroduction of the species is needed as it has not been observed there for many years, and the immediate area should be fenced.
[@book{772,
address = {Johannesburg &Cape Town},
author = {Mecenero, S., Ball, J.B., Edge, D.A., Hamer, M.L., Henning, G.A., Krüger, M., Pringle, E.L., Terblanche, R.F. & Williams, M.C. (eds)},
publisher = {Saftronics (pty) Ltd and Animal Demography Unit, University of Cape Town},
title = {Conservation assessment of butterflies of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: Red List and Atlas.},
year = {2013}
}
,@article{772,
author = {SANBI},
journal = {South African National Biodiversity Institute},
pages = {0},
title = { Vegetation Map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland [vector geospatial dataset] 2012. Available from the Biodiversity GIS website.},
volume = {0},
year = {2012}
}
,@book{884,
address = {Jukskei Park & Sasolburg},
author = {Kroon, D.M.},
publisher = {Lepidopterists' Society of Africa And D.M. kroon},
title = {Lepidoptera of Southern Africa: host-plants and other associations. A catalogue.},
year = {1999}
}
,]
