Rationale
(Changed due to Same category and criteria)
This is a widespread species with no known major threats and it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a threatened category. Therefore, it is assessed as Least Concern.
Distribution
This species is widespread but scarce in open marsh of tropical Africa from Sudan to South Africa and in western Africa. In northeastern Africa, this species is only recorded from Sudan and South Sudan. The type locality is Bhar el Ghaza in South Sudan and it is known from the Khartoum area (El Amin El Rayah and El Zubeir 1984). Though the records are sparse, the records cover a great distance and mirror the missing surveys in this area. In southern Africa, this species occurs in the tropical north, southwards to Natal. It does not occur in the arid southwest or at the Cape. In western Africa, there are records from Gambia, Ghana and Nigeria.
The population size and trend are unknown. However, this species is unlikely to be declining at a fast rate across its whole range.
Threats
No precise information is available on threats in most parts of its range. In South Africa, poor catchment management, which exacerbates floods, is the most important threat (Samways 2006).
Uses and trade
This species is not used.
Conservation
It occurs in protected areas in parts of its range. In South Africa, monitoring of its range area is required (Samways 2006). No information is available from elsewhere in its range.
[@electronic{63356,
address = {www.iucnredlist.org},
author = {IUCN},
title = {The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3},
year = {2016}
}
,@article{4730,
author = {Samways, M.J.},
journal = {Odonatologica},
pages = {341--368},
title = {National Red List of South African Odonata},
volume = {35},
year = {2006}
}
,@article{4730,
author = {Samways, M.J.},
journal = {Odonatologica},
pages = {13--62},
title = {Diversity and conservation status of South African dragonflies (Odonata)},
volume = {28},
year = {1999}
}
,@book{4730,
address = {Nylstroom},
author = {Tarboton, W. and Tarboton, M.},
publisher = {Privately published by the authors},
title = {A fieldguide to the damselflies of South Africa},
year = {2005}
}
,@article{4730,
author = {Samways, M.J.},
journal = {African Entomology},
pages = {43--52},
title = {A strategy for national red listing invertebrates based on experiences with Odonata in South Africa},
volume = {10},
year = {2002}
}
,@article{13257,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa},
pages = {147--188},
title = {A survey to the dragonflies (Odonata) of South Africa. Part 1},
volume = {47},
year = {1984}
}
,@book{15543,
address = {Nylstroom},
author = {Tarboton, W. and Tarboton, M.},
publisher = {Privately published by the authors},
title = {A fieldguide to the dragonflies of South Africa},
year = {2002}
}
,@article{42845,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa},
pages = {1--48},
title = {A survey of the dragonflies (Odonata) of South Africa. Part 2. Anisoptera},
volume = {48},
year = {1985}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Smithersia},
pages = {1–64},
title = {A check-list of the Odonata of Zimbabwe and Zambia},
volume = {3},
year = {1984}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Kipping, J.},
journal = {Cimbebasia Memoirs},
pages = {In press},
title = {The Odonata of Botswana - an annotated checklist},
volume = {5},
year = {2006}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Clausnitzer, V. and Dijkstra, K.–D.B.},
title = {The dragonflies of Eastern Africa. An identification key},
year = {in prep}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Longfield, C.},
journal = {Publicações Culturais Companhia de Diamantes de Angola},
pages = {13–42},
title = {The Odonata of North Angola. Part II},
volume = {45},
year = {1959}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Longfield, C.},
journal = {Arquivos do Museu Bocage, Lisboa},
pages = {1–31},
title = {The Odonata of South Angola},
volume = {16},
year = {1947}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Arnoldia},
pages = {1--16},
title = {A collection of Odonata from Angola},
volume = {23},
year = {1975}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Arnoldia},
pages = {1--17},
title = {Odonata of Ngamiland},
volume = {15},
year = {1967}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Ris, F.},
journal = {Revue Suisse de Zoologie},
pages = {97--112},
title = {Odonata aus Süd-Angola},
volume = {38},
year = {1931}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Revista de Biologia, Lisboa},
pages = {159--164},
title = {Odonata from Luanda and the Lucala River, Angola},
volume = {5},
year = {1965}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Occasional papers of the national Museums and Monuments of Rhodesia, Series B},
pages = {524--601},
title = {Dragonflies (Odonata) of Botswana, with ecological notes},
volume = {5},
year = {1976}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Dijkstra, K.-D.B. and Clausnitzer, V.},
title = {An annotated checklist of the dragonflies (Odonata) of eastern Africa, with critical lists for Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda, new records, taxonomic notes and descriptions of new species},
volume = {in prep.},
year = {2005}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Martens, A., Jödicke, R. and Suhling, F.},
journal = {Cimbebasia},
pages = {139–160},
title = {Annotated checklist of the Odonata of Namibia},
volume = {18},
year = {2003}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Suhling, F., Sahlén, G., Martens, A., Marais, E. and Schütte, C.},
journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
pages = {311--332},
title = {Dragonfly assemblages in arid tropical environments: a case study from western Namibia},
volume = {15},
year = {2006}
}
,@electronic{59795,
address = {www.iucnredlist.org},
author = {IUCN},
publisher = {IUCN - The World Conservation Union},
title = {2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species},
year = {2006}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Occasional papers of the national Museums and Monuments of Rhodesia, Series B},
pages = {557--631},
title = {Checklist of the Odonata of Mozambique},
volume = {6},
year = {1981}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Longfield, C.},
journal = {Publicações culturais Companhia de Diamantes de Angola},
pages = {11--64},
title = {The Odonata of North Angola. Part I},
volume = {27},
year = {1955}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Publiçaciones culturais Companhia de Diamantes de Angola Lisboa},
pages = {71--76},
title = {A collection of Odonata from Dundo, Angola. With the descriptions of two new species of Gomphids},
volume = {56},
year = {1961}
}
,@article{59795,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Publiçaciones culturais Companhia de Diamantes de Angola Lisboa},
pages = {81--86},
title = {Some dragonflies (Odonata) from Angola; and descriptions of three new species of the family Gomphidae},
volume = {56},
year = {1961}
}
,@article{59800,
author = {Pinhey, E.},
journal = {Publiçaciones culturais Companhia de Diamantes de Angola Lisboa},
pages = {97–129},
title = {Dragonflies (Odonata) of the Angola–Congo borders of Rhodesia},
volume = {63},
year = {1964}
}
,@article{60034,
author = {Rayah, El Amin and Nagwa, El Zubeir},
journal = {1983},
pages = {155--160},
title = {On the dragonfly fauna of Khartoum (Sudan)},
year = {1983}
}
,]