Rationale
(Changed due to Same category and criteria)
This species has a restricted geographic range as it is only known from the Buffalo River System in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It has an area of occupancy (AOO) of 64 km² and its extent of occurrence (EOO) is 266 km². It is known from three locations, namely the Yellowwoods, Mgqawabe and Cwenqgcwe, but the status of the mainstem population downstream of King Williams Town is unknown due to the multiple impacts including pollution and invasion by alien species. Ongoing decline in habitat extent and quality is likely due to the spread of alien species such as Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides), Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as well as pollution. The presence of alien invasive African Sharptooth Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in the area is an additional more recent threat. The mainstem population downstream of King Williams Town is likely to have been extirpated due to pollution and the presence of invasive alien species. Due to these combined threats and the current AOO and EOO, the species is assessed as Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + B2 ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v).
Distribution
This species is restricted to the Buffalo River System, Eastern Cape, South Africa (Skelton 2001).
The species has been recorded from four subpopulations which are the Yellowwoods, Mgqawabe, Cwenqgcwe (Buffalo) and the mainstem Buffalo River. The current status of the mainstem population downstream of King Williams Town is however unknown, but this population is likely to have been extirpated due to excessive pollution from King Williams Town as well as the invasion of this river by alien species. Surveys are required to determine the current status of the remnant populations of this species.
Threats
This species is threatened by loss of habitat due to water abstraction and alien invasive fish species such as Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass and potentially African Sharptooth Catfish. Rainbow Trout has also been introduced into the upper reaches of the Buffalo River where it threatens both Border Barb and Eastern Cape Rocky (Sandelia bainsii) (Cambray 2003). Further, the mainstem Buffalo River downstream of King Williams Town is heavily polluted.
Conservation
None known. Efforts are needed to thoroughly investigate the current distribution of this species in relation to pollution, habitat degradation and invasion by non-native species.
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